International Relations

South Africa’s Legal Action Against Israel Unaffected by Gaza Ceasefire

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa has confirmed that the recent ceasefire in Gaza, brokered by the United States, will not influence South Africa’s genocide case against Israel at the International Court of Justice (ICJ).

Ongoing Legal Proceedings

During a parliamentary session in Cape Town on Tuesday, President Ramaphosa reiterated South Africa’s commitment to the legal action initiated in December 2023. He stated that the peace agreement would not impact the proceedings at the ICJ, with Israel expected to respond to South Africa’s pleadings by January 2026.

The case, filed in December 2023, accuses Israel of genocidal acts in Gaza. The submission, prepared in October 2024, extends over 500 pages. Oral hearings are anticipated in 2027, with a final judgment expected by late 2027 or early 2028.

ICJ Provisional Measures

The ICJ has issued provisional measures instructing Israel to prevent genocidal acts and facilitate humanitarian aid access to Gaza. However, compliance has been limited. Reports from Palestinian health authorities indicate that over 67,000 Palestinians have been killed since October 2023.

Significance of Justice in Reconciliation

President Ramaphosa emphasized the necessity of justice for genuine reconciliation, stating that healing can only occur through thorough legal proceedings. This sentiment is supported by UN Special Rapporteur Francesca Albanese and Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez, who both underlined that the ceasefire should not exempt Israel from accountability.

International Support and Accusations

Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and a UN commission of inquiry have accused Israel of genocide, allegations that Israel denies. Nations backing South Africa’s case at the ICJ include Spain, Ireland, Turkiye, and Colombia. Colombian President Gustavo Petro has cautioned that governments failing to act may be seen as complicit.

Additionally, South Africa co-chairs the Hague Group, a coalition established in January 2025, dedicated to holding Israel accountable through various legal, diplomatic, and economic strategies beyond the ICJ proceedings.