DR Congo’s Goma one year under M23 control

Impact of M23 Control in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Nearly a year after M23 fighters, reportedly supported by Rwanda, seized the eastern Congolese city of Goma, significant changes have occurred for civilians, characterized by insecurity, displacement, and escalating political tensions.

The takeover in late January last year followed intense fighting that resulted in casualties among residents and impacted the provincial capital, a strategic location in the mineral-rich eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Since then, armed patrols and enhanced security measures have become part of everyday life in the city.

Reports from residents and human rights organizations indicate forced relocations of civilians from surrounding areas and military operations aimed at groups perceived as hostile by M23. This environment of fear has disrupted normal life and put a strain on already limited services.

The Congolese government accuses Rwanda of supporting the rebel group, a claim denied by Kigali. According to DRC government spokesperson Patrick Muyaya, conditions under M23 control are described as "governance by crime," with allegations of Rwanda attempting to impose a restrictive governance model. Muyaya also criticized the Rwandan president for not participating in crucial peace talks held in Luanda last December.

M23, however, refutes claims of being a proxy force, asserting that its actions aim to bring about reforms, improved governance, and full implementation of previous peace agreements. Corneille Nangaa, the coordinator of the AFC-M23 alliance, stated that the movement's objective is to transform the DRC after decades of governance failures.

The conflict has resulted in extensive displacement. Tens of thousands of people fled Goma before and after its capture, while hundreds of thousands more have been displaced throughout the region, as diplomatic efforts to achieve peace continue to encounter challenges.

Based on reporting by Africanews.