Ethiopia embraces big projects but risks another war by seeking access to the sea

Ethiopia's recent infrastructure initiatives have been marked by significant undertakings, such as the completion of a major dam on the Nile River. The government, led by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, is now planning Africa's largest airport and a nuclear power plant. These projects are part of Ethiopia's broader strategy to transform its economy and reduce reliance on foreign aid.

Ethiopia is seeking to regain access to the Red Sea, a strategic move following the loss of access when Eritrea gained independence in 1993. Despite recent peace agreements, tensions have resurfaced. Eritrea has accused Ethiopia of planning to seize its ports, while Ethiopia maintains it seeks a peaceful resolution. These disputes have raised concerns about potential conflicts in the region.

Egypt, which relies heavily on the Nile for its water supply, has opposed Ethiopia's Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, citing potential threats to its water resources. Although discussions have occurred, no conclusive agreement has been reached. Egypt has also strengthened its alliances with Eritrea and Somalia, further complicating regional dynamics.

Despite a peace agreement in the Tigray region, Ethiopia faces ongoing internal conflicts, particularly in the Amhara and Oromia regions. Ethnic-based insurgencies by groups such as the Fano and the Oromo Liberation Army continue to challenge the federal government. Humanitarian conditions are deteriorating, with reports of violence and difficulties in aid delivery.

While the capital, Addis Ababa, experiences economic development and modernization, other regions face increased poverty and instability. The Ethiopian government has implemented economic reforms, including currency adjustments and opening the banking sector, which contributed to securing IMF financial support. However, rising poverty levels and regional inequalities remain significant challenges.

Based on reporting by Africanews.