Sudan: RSF capture of Heglig threatens South Sudan's oil exports

Drone Strike in Sudan Affects Oil Processing Facility

A drone strike occurred near Sudan's largest oil processing facility on Tue, Oct 3, 2023, resulting in numerous fatalities, according to reports from the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF). The strike, carried out by the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), targeted the oil field in Heglig. This event followed the RSF's capture of the facility, which is located near the border with South Sudan.

The exact number of casualties remains unclear, with both sides unable to confirm precise figures. However, local news outlets have reported fatalities, including seven tribal leaders and multiple RSF personnel.

The RSF has condemned the attack, which involved a Turkish-made Akinci drone, as a breach of international law. South Sudanese soldiers were among those killed, as confirmed by the government of South Sudan's Unity State. A South Sudanese soldier, speaking anonymously, estimated the death toll to be around 25.

South Sudan relies on Sudanese pipelines for oil exports, and the ongoing conflict has repeatedly disrupted production, exacerbating its economic challenges. Sudanese soldiers and oil workers began evacuating Heglig on Mon, Oct 2, 2023, with the RSF taking control without resistance.

By Tue, Oct 3, 2023, approximately 3,900 Sudanese soldiers surrendered and handed over their weapons to South Sudanese forces after crossing into Rubkona County. The surrender included tanks, armored personnel carriers, and artillery, as shown in footage from South Sudan's state broadcaster.

Civilians from Sudan have also been crossing into South Sudan since Sun, Oct 1, 2023, with arrivals continuing as of Wed, Oct 4, 2023. The exact number of civilians involved has not been specified.

Despite allegations of siding with the RSF, South Sudan maintains a neutral position in the conflict. The RSF's capture of Heglig adds to its recent territorial gains, including the acquisition of el-Fasher, North Darfur's capital, in October.

The war, which began in April 2023, has resulted in an estimated 150,000 deaths, widespread displacement, and numerous famines. Both SAF and RSF have been accused of committing atrocities. The capture of Heglig, a critical state asset, may serve as a significant leverage point for the RSF. However, the opaque nature of oil finances complicates assessments of the economic impacts on SAF, RSF, or South Sudan in the short term.

Based on reporting by Africanews.